Parts of Speech

modifier: attaches to a root word, listed as either prefix or suffix
stand-alone modifier: prefaces or follows its object but does not attach
flex modifier: can attach or stand alone
noun: this root can stand alone as a noun with no modification (no -ku needed)
nounable: can be made into a noun with -ku
verbable: can be made into a verb with -ri; anything verbable can be modified with -sho (one who acts, -er) or -sug (one who is acted upon, -ee)
social indicator: inserted at beginning of sentence or before a name/pronoun to indicate relationship/attitude
bridge: connects two concepts or transitions from one to the next (includes prepositional and standard conjunctions)
pronoun: verb modifier (prefix) and nounable; gender indicator is suffix
direction: nounable, has a directional indicator -sha as suffix
spatial: prefix to subject, often a name or pronoun (rarely stand-alone and following verb)
emotion: nounable, verbable with -ra (not -ri)
color: stand-alone modifier that follows its object, has color indicator -tho as suffix

Core Vocabulary
as seen in the lessons

a – modifier (prefix) – belonging to; typically modifies pronouns or nouns
ad – number – one, 1
Alasa Ka – proper noun – name of the tahori homeworld (more here)
am – nounable, modifier (suffix) – female, feminine
cho – nounable, modifier (suffix) – that; used as part of ‘that’, ‘there’, ‘then’, etc
chu – nounable, modifier (suffix) – male, masculine
da – nounable, verbable, modifier (suffix) – know, known
dach – nounable, modifier (prefix) – place, location; used as part of ‘where’, ‘here’, ‘there’, etc
dach-cho – compound word – there
dachna – compound word – where
das – nounable, verbable, modifier (suffix) – beauty, aesthetics, visual appeal, beautiful
dhid – nounable, modifier (suffix) – nearby, close, near, around, by
du – pronoun – singular you
es – bridge – for
fa – nounable, verbable – have, possession, belonging, has
fam – bridge – but, however
fyth – nounable, verbable, modifier (suffix) – part, half, piece, portion
gi – nounable, verbable – sing, song
god – nounable, verbable – to name, to label, word (for), term, name (of), call (as in ‘call me _’)
ha – modifier (prefix), nounable – standard pluralizer, many
hu – verbable, nounable – to be, is, are, existence
hych – nounable, verbable – precipitous storm; ‘water’, ‘snow’, ‘sand’, etc added as suffixes
jehn – emotion – curious, inquisitive, quizzical
jhedh – noun – power, energy, might, strength (in a conceptual, almost spiritual sense; like ‘inner strength’, not the power of one’s body)
jhedh adu undari – a formal greeting that acknowledges the other person’s power, usually used before combat or during diplomacy; occasionally prefaced with syjodh
jhi – verbable, nounable, modifier (prefix) – need, must
jodh – social indicator – respect (standard between strangers or equals)
jodh yidh – a respectful, neutral greeting commonly used between strangers or equals
khi – verbable, nounable – challenge, contest, confront
khiz – verbable, nounable, modifier (suffix) – cloud, clouds, cloud cover, mist, fog
khol – nounable, verbable – loosely: a settlement (town, village); specifically: the cluster of buildings in the center of inlanlu territories
ki – yes (in response to a question/statement)
kihn – nounable, verbable, modifier (suffix) – potable water (non-saline)
kit – nounable, verbable, modifier (suffix) – small, little, tiny
kihch – nounable, verbable – attention, attentive, alert, aware (as in ‘pay attention’ or ‘excuse me’)
ku – modifier (suffix) – manifestation of; used to make another root into a noun
kuh – pronoun – it
les – modifier (suffix), verbable, nounable – quick, fast, fleet, swift
lid – emotion – happy, joyous
lih – social indicator – friendliness, approachable (used between friends or as a reassurance to a stranger)
lih shehth – a warm, welcoming greeting often used between friends or as a reassurance that the speaker is approachable and peaceable
lom – verbable, nounable – give, gift
luhs – verbable, nounable – find, found
majh – emotion – neutral, calm, balanced
mul – nounable, verbable – understand, comprehend, comprehension
na – flex modifier – question indicator, part of query words (‘what’, ‘where’), can be alone used as “hm?” or “eh?” or “huh?”
nad – nounable, verbable – look, glance, gaze, regard
najh – nounable – the atmospheric affects of a sunset or a sunrise; with -ku, sunrise/sunset
nen – noun – person (thinking animal)
nog – social indicator – stern, commanding, disciplinary
om – nounable, modifier (prefix) – thing; used as part of ‘what’, ‘this’, ‘that’, etc
omna – compound word – what
ov – number – ten, tens place, 10
ra – modifier (suffix) – verb form for emotions/feelings/attitudes only (as in ‘I feel happy’)
rav – nounable, verbable, modifier (suffix) – reside, inhabit, live (in/on), abode, abide, resident/inhabitant (attached to a place name)
rhys – color – bronzed coppery reddish
ri – modifier (suffix) – used to make a root into a verb (present tense; infinitive when lacking a subject)
rin – nounable, verbable – territory, land, claim/mark territory
rujh – emotion – grateful, gratitude, thanks, thankful, appreciative, appreciate, appreciation
sag – bridge – to (as in ‘to you’ or ‘to her’)
sha – modifier (suffix) – directional indicator; like ‘-wards’ (ie eastwards, upwards)
shehth – nounable, verbable – welcome, welcoming (used as a friendly greeting: ‘lih shehth’)
shik – direction – up
sho – modifier (suffix) – active person, one who acts, -er (as in ‘trainer‘, ‘fighter‘, etc)
shudh – stand-alone modifier – pluralizer: a lot, lots, much, a ton, plenty, multitude, plethora, myriad
shuh – stand-alone modifier – pluralizer: a few, a couple, some, little
Sige – proper noun (not Uhjayi word) – name of a human colony world that tahori occasionally visit
su – no (in response to a question/statement)
sug – modifier (suffix) – passive person, one who is acted upon, -ee (as in ‘trainee‘, ’employee‘)
sy – modifier (prefix) – very, so (much); enhances its object
te – modifier (suffix) – well, good
thuhth – verbable, nounable, modifier (suffix) – surrender, cede, give up, abandon
thyl – direction – west
tihch – noun – day (the part of the day-night cycle that is light, not a day as in 24 hours)
uhsh – number – four, 4
un – pronoun – I, me
ur – modifier (prefix) – negation; used on verbs
uv – number – twenty, scores place, 20
vad – verbable, nounable – react, respond, response, reflex
vo – nounable, modifier (suffix) – verb future tense (comes after -ri or -ra), the future
vocan – proper noun (not Uhjayi word) – name of the human’s common tongue
vut – nounable, modifier (suffix) – verb past tense (comes after -ri or -ra), the past
vyk – nounable, verbable, modifier (suffix) – to be lost, to lose (something or oneself), missing
yad – modifier (suffix) – more
yas – emotion – kind, gracious
yf – number – three, 3
yidh – nounable, verbable – peace, harmony (used as a standard greeting: ‘jodh yidh’)
yihs – direction – east
yim – nounable, verbable, modifier (suffix) – notice, note
yu – verbable, nounable – speak, speech, talk, communicate (verbally), communication
zech – nounable, verbable – fight, battle, combat, war, conflict
zen – noun – child, offspring
zi – modifier (prefix) – this; used as part of ‘this’, ‘here’, ‘now’, etc
zidach – compound word – this place, here
zuhr – noun – sky, heavens, upper atmosphere
zy – verbable, nounable – go, move, travel, journey

Auxiliary Vocabulary

af – number – eight, 8
chihd – direction – inside, within
chojh – stand-alone modifier – also, too, as well
dek – bridge – and
dhok – nounable, modifier (suffix) – genderless, ungendered, neuter, neutral
ehth – number – six, 6
ehz – number – hundred, 100, hundreds place
esh – number – seven, 7
fan – direction – to the left, on the left
fot – nounable, verbable, modifier (suffix or prefix) – time; used as part of ‘then’, ‘when’, ‘never’, ‘always’, etc
fot-cho – compound word – then
fotna – compound word – when
fu – pronoun – plural it, they
fun – pronoun – we, I + they
fuht – noun – pseudo-month (twenty days)
gum – noun – parent
gumam – compound word – mother, mom, mama
gumchu – compound word – father, dad, papa
has – noun, modifier (prefix) – good friend
heth – social indicator – humble, deferential
hof – direction – outside, without
hot – direction – to the right, on the right
im – number – double-hundreds place, 200
jhek – pronoun – singular you + it, y’all
jhel – modifier (suffix) – present-future verb tense
jhen – pronoun – we, I + singular you + it
jhuhk – noun – year (begins and ends on the spring equinox)
jhyd – noun – family, family group, family tree, bloodline, heritage
judh – modifier (suffix) – past-present verb tense
khejh – pronoun – singular you + they, y’all
khen – pronoun – we, I + singular you + they
khuhd – direction – down, below, beneath, underneath
khun – pronoun – we, I + it
kor – social indicator – patronly/matronly; kindness in response to deference; parent to child
kum – nounable, modifier (suffix) – having qualities of male and female genders (largely behavioral/psychological, but can refer to transsexual/transgender/intersex people)
ky – nounable, modifier (suffix) – past-present-future verb tense, endless, eternal, infinite (time), unending, eternity, all time
la – modifier (prefix) – every; used as part of ‘everything’, ‘always’, etc
lafot – compound word – always, forever
lydh – direction – north
nen-na – compound word – who
neth – nounable, modifier (suffix) – present verb tense (usually left off and assumed); the present, now
no – modifier (suffix) – bad, poorly, unwell
num – pronoun – we, I + singular you
nurh – direction – away (from)
nyn – pronoun – we, I + plural you + it, I + y’all + it
o – modifier (prefix), nounable, verbable – half, halve, part, piece
os – number – two, 2
rha – noun – night, nighttime
rhehd – social indicator – disrespectful, condescending, superior
rhi – pronoun – plural you, y’all
rhin – pronoun – we, I + plural you, I + y’all
rhom – noun – consort, lover (can add -am for girlfriend or -chu for boyfriend, but tahori don’t)
ryn – pronoun – plural you + it, y’all + it
san – noun – spouse, mate, partner, lifemate, love (can add -am for wife or -chu for husband, but tahori don’t)
shus – direction – forward, ahead, forwards
shuth – noun, modifier (suffix) – season (add -water, -nowater, -hot, -cold, etc to make ‘rainy season’, ‘winter’, etc)
shy – nounable, modifier (suffix or prefix) – reason; used as part of ‘why’
shyna – compound word – why
sin – bridge – or
sur – direction – south
thoj – direction – behind, backwards, backward
to – social indicator – intimate, strongly bonded/connected, close; well-known and well-trusted comrades/family
tov – noun, modifier (prefix) – family member, relative, bloodkin, kin, kindred, brethren
tuf – bridge – so, so that
tuh – nounable, modifier (suffix) – a gender that is not male or female (‘other-gendered’)
ul – number – five, 5
urfot – compound word – never
vaz – modifier (prefix or suffix), nounable – way, method; used as part of ‘how’
vazna – compound word – how
ya – modifier (prefix) – some; used as part of ‘somewhere’, ‘something’, etc
yol – noun – sibling
yolam – compound word – sister
yolchu – compound word – brother
yul – pronoun – plural you + they, y’all + they
yun – pronoun – we, I + plural you + they, I + y’all + they
yv – number – nine, 9
zal – noun – pseudo-week (ten days)
zenam – compound word – daughter
zenchu – compound word – son
zifot – compound word – now, right now, this moment in time, currently